Most turkey hunting happens in spring, when gobblers call to find hens. State agencies time spring seasons to balance good gobbling with protecting nesting hens.
How spring seasons are set
Gobbling often peaks first when winter flocks break up, before most seasons open, and again later as hens begin nesting. Researchers reviewing southeastern states suggested opening spring seasons near the peak of nest initiation, around April 9 to 22 in that region, to reduce the risk to hens. Pennsylvania times its spring opener to the peak of incubation, after most breeding is done.
Phases of a spring season
- Early season: toms are often with hens, and gobbling can be strong but short.
- Mid-season: as hens leave to sit on nests, lonely toms come to calls more readily.
- Late season: fewer birds gobble, but mid-morning hunts can be the best of the year.
Fall seasons
Many states also hold fall turkey seasons, often for either sex. Fall hunters frequently scatter a flock and call the birds back together.
Season dates, bag limits and legal methods change every year. Always check the current regulations.